How much does electricity cost in a valley?
Table 1 shows the peak-valley electricity price data of the region. The valley electricity price is 0.0399 $/kWh, the flat electricity price is 0.1317 $/kWh, and the peak electricity price is 0.1587 $/kWh. The operation cycles (charging-discharging) of the Li-ion battery is about 5000–6000.
What is the difference between Peak-Valley electricity price and flat electricity price?
Among the four groups of electricity prices, the peak electricity price and flat electricity price are gradually reduced, the valley electricity price is the same, and the peak-valley electricity price difference is 0.1203 $/kWh, 0.1188 $/kWh, 0.1173 $/kWh and 0.1158 $/kWh respectively. Table 5. Four groups of peak-valley electricity prices.
How does peak-to-Valley difference affect PV-es-CS return on investment?
When the peak-to-valley difference of electricity prices increases by 50 %, the return on investment of the PV-ES-CS near a hospital increases from 13.92 % to 15.40 % (by 1.48 %) while that near an office building increases from 9.81 % to 11.51 %, (by 1.7 %).
Why is the integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station underdeveloped?
The coupled photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station (PV-ES-CS) is an important approach of promoting the transition from fossil energy consumption to low-carbon energy use. However, the integrated charging station is underdeveloped. One of the key reasons for this is that there lacks the evaluation of its economic and environmental benefits.
Can a PV-es-CS system buy electricity from a power grid?
Besides of solar PV, the PV-ES-CS system can buy electricity from power grids. The electricity is bought from the power grid only at the daily valley price. The electricity from the PV-ES-CS system is not only used for EVs charging, but also for hospital, teaching building and other kinds of building uses.
How much money does Shan et al invest in a power station?
Shan et al. invested about 1.8 million yuan to transform a service area into an integrated power station; in their design plan, the charging equipment is charged 10 times daily at 20 kWh per charge. Given that the profit is 0.8 yuan/kWh and about 58,400 yuan/year, it is expected to pay back in 4.5 years. Table 1.
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Dynamic partitioning method for independent energy storage …
Auxiliary services such as PM and FM are becoming increasingly popular in China due to its fast response time, high response accuracy, and low start-stop costs [[5], [6], [7], [8]].Furthermore, as the status of independent energy storage in China is clarified, energy storage may be able to generate revenue by participating directly in the auxiliary services market.
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